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my $server_root_dispersion_binary =  substr($received_data, 64, 32);
my $server_root_dispersion = oct("0b".$server_root_dispersion_binary);

my $server_root_dispersion = oct("0b" . substr($received_data, 64, 32)
+);

my $server_precision = oct("0b" . substr($received_data, 24, 8));
my $server_root_delay = oct("0b" . substr($received_data, 32, 32));

my $server_precision = oct("0b" . substr($received_data, 24, 8));
my $server_root_delay = oct("0b" . substr($received_data, 24+8, 32));

my $server_precision = oct("0b" . substr($received_data, $here, ($widt
+h = 8)));
$here += $width;
my $server_root_delay = oct("0b" . substr($received_data, $here, ($wid
+th = 32)));
$here += $width;

if ($received_data) {
   my $here = 0;
...
   my $server_mode = $next_value->(3);
   my $server_stratum = $next_value->(8);
   ...

if ($received_data) {
   my $here = 0;
...
        return oct("0b".substr($received_data, $start, $_));
     }
      (2, 3, 3, 8, ... )

my ($server_li, $server_vn, $server_mode, $server_stratum, ... )
     map { oct("0b".$_) } unpack 'a2a3a3a8...', $received_data

our (@fields, %width, $packt);
...
%srv = ();
@srv{@fields} = map { oct("0b".$_) } unpack $packt, $received_data;