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    my $in;
    my $open_mode = '<:raw';
...
    }
    $open_mode .= ':utf8';
    open my $in, $open_mode, $filename or die "Can't read $filename: $
+!\n";

    my $in;
    if ($filename=~/\.gz$/) {
...
        open $in, '<:raw', $filename or die "Can't read $filename: $!\
+n";
    };
    binmode $in, ':utf8';