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while (my $line = <INFILE>) {
    if ( ($. % 5000) == 0) {
...
    }
    ## process away
}

my $TOTAL = (-s $FILE);
while (read(INFILE,$buf,$bufsize)) {
...
        printf("%.3f %% (%d of %d)\n",($BYTES_READ/$TOTAL)*100,$BYTES_
+READ,$TOTAL);
    }
}