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use Test::Simple tests => 3;
ok !open(my $fh, '|-', 'nonexistent program'), 'string form of open fa
+ils';
...
ok 1 - string form of open fails
ok 2 - but succeeds if shell uses redirection
ok 3 - list form of open fails, as it should

$ strace -f -e clone,execve perl -e'open(my $fh, "|-", "nonexistent pr
+ogram")'
execve("/usr/bin/perl", ["perl", "-eopen(my $fh, \"|-\", \"nonexisten"
+...], [/* 45 vars */]) = 0
clone(child_stack=0, flags=CLONE_CHILD_CLEARTID|CLONE_CHILD_SETTID|SIG
+CHLD, child_tidptr=0xb74f7a68) = 7792
...
[pid  7792] +++ exited with 1 +++
--- SIGCHLD {si_signo=SIGCHLD, si_code=CLD_EXITED, si_pid=7792, si_uid
+=1000, si_status=1, si_utime=0, si_stime=0} ---
+++ exited with 0 +++

$ strace -f -e clone,execve perl -e'open(my $fh, "|-", "nonexistent pr
+ogram 2>/dev/null")'
execve("/usr/bin/perl", ["perl", "-eopen(my $fh, \"|-\", \"nonexisten"
+...], [/* 45 vars */]) = 0
...
[pid  7809] +++ exited with 127 +++
--- SIGCHLD {si_signo=SIGCHLD, si_code=CLD_EXITED, si_pid=7809, si_uid
+=1000, si_status=127, si_utime=0, si_stime=0} ---
+++ exited with 0 +++