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// should NOT alter refcount
Node* set_parent(Node* self, Node* parent) {
    self->parent = parent;
    return self;
}

void set_parent(Node* self, Node* parent) {
    self->parent = parent;
}

#!perl -l
use warnings;
...

print "x: $x";
print "y: $y";

x refcnt: 2
x refcnt: 1
...
Use of uninitialized value $x in concatenation (.) or string at try.pl
+ line 31.
x:
y: 42

Node* get_parent(Node* self) {
   SvREFCNT_inc(self->parent);
   return self->parent;
}

NODE: SV = IV(0x2c22740) at 0x2c22744
  REFCNT = 1
...
---
destroying Node=SCALAR(0x45807c) at rut.pl line 58.
destroying Node=SCALAR(0x45812c) at rut.pl line 58.

void destroy_node(Node* self) {
     Safefree(self->parent);
     Safefree(self);
}