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use warnings;
use strict;

...
my $return_val = open(my $article, "-|", "caesar <article");
#    or die "Can't start caesar: $!";  
print "tried it and got [$return_val]\n";

c:\usr\pm>openprog.pl > openprog.txt 2>&1
here it goes...
The system cannot find the file specified.
tried it and got [14048]

use warnings;
use strict;
...
    print sprintf("%30s has PID %15s", $list{$key}, $key) . "\n" if $k
+ey == $return_val;
}
print "="x75,"\n";

here it goes...<>
The system cannot find the file specified.
...
======================================================================
+=====
                       cmd.exe has PID            8664
======================================================================
+=====