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$ perl -e 'printf "$_ => %b\n", ord($_) for qw( A B C @ )' A => 1000001 B => 1000010 C => 1000011 @ => 1000000
"ABC" & "ABA" => "ABA" "ABB" & "ABA" => "AB@" ... # were truncated to the length of the shorter" # so the strings don't have to be equal length # for that to work