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chomp( (undef, $_, undef, @words) = <> );

...
pop @submatches;

print join ' ', map { $restore_case{ scalar reverse } } @submatches

m/^ 
    (?: 
...
        # $^N - last captured group
    )+ 
$/x;

":aa2bb4cc6dd8" =~ / (:)
                     (?{ [] })   # initialize $^R
...
                         (?{ [@{$^R}, [$2, $3]] })
                     )*
                   /x;

my @R;
":aa2bb4cc6dd8" =~ / (:)
...
                         (?{ push @R, [$2, $3] })
                     )*
                   /x;

use Data::Dumper;
sub dd { print Dumper(shift) };
...
                   /x;
                   
dd @{ $^R }[ -1 ]

use Data::Dumper;
sub dd { print Dumper(shift) };
...
                   /x;
                   
dd @R[ -1 ]

$VAR1 = [
          'dd',
          '8'
        ];