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    my $pat = qr/\w+ ((w)hite|(b)lack)/;

...

    $_ = 'but some white spaces';
    print "$1 starts with $+\n" if /$pat/;

    my $pat = qr/\w+ ((w)hit(e)|(b)lac(k))/;

...
    $_ = 'but some white spaces';
    ($word, $first, $last) = grep defined $_, /$pat/;
    print "$word starts with $first and ends with $last\n" if $word;

    my $pat = qr/\w+ ((w)hit(e)|(b)lac(k))/;
    $str = 'mostly black but some white spaces';
...
                :()
            } 0..$#+;
    }