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my $dbh = $self->param('dbh') or carp "dbh is not behaving\n";
...
$sth->execute() or carp "problems executing ...\n"

my $query = "SELECT id FROM table WHERE user = ?";
my $results=$self->query($query, $user )->fetchrow_array;
...
    $sth->execute( $val );
    return $sth;
}