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a fixed bit: a,variable,length, repeated, bit [some more fixed stuff]
more fixed: more,variable,stuff [more fixed]

while( my $data = <DATA> ) {
    $data =~ m[^
...
    my @variable_bits =  $2 =~ m[(\w+)[,\s]]g;
    print "$first_bit: (@variable_bits) [$last_bit]";
}

#! perl -slw
use strict;
...
__DATA__
1: or more [semi-fixed] fields: and,some,variable,length,stuff [more(f
+ixed)stuff]
2: kind of [similarly] formated: records,with,variable,differences [em
+bedded(in the)records]