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IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT  *
               FROM    ENTITIES
               WHERE   ID = $MaxEntityId)
  INSERT INTO ENTITIES (ID,TYPE,NAME)
      VALUES ($MaxEntityID, '$type', '$name')

IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT  *
               FROM    ENTITIES
...
               AND     NAME = $name)
  INSERT INTO ENTITIES (TYPE, NAME)
      VALUES ('$type', '$name')

################ NOTE: UNTESTED CODE
use strict;
...
  my $rc = $dB->Sql($query);
  die "Query failed: $query ".Win32::ODBC::Error() if $rc;
}