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sub prematch {
    return unpack "a$-[0]", $_[0];
...
    my $len = $+[0] - $-[0];
    unpack "x$-[0] a$len", $_[0];
}

use strict;
use warnings;
...
    print postmatch($string), "\n";
    print match($string), "\n";
}

my ($pre, $match, $post) = split /\b(word)\b/, $string, 2;