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sub step {
    my ($dir, $r, $c) = @_;
...
        die "Inside 'step': invalid param\n"
    }
}

our %step = ( N  => { R => -1, C =>  0 },
              NE => { R => -1, C => +1 },
...
              W  => { R =>  0, C => -1 },
              NW => { R => -1, C => -1 } 
            );

($rows, $cols) = step($dir, $rows, $cols);

$rows += $step{$dir}{R};
$cols += $step{$dir}{C};

$rows -= $step{$dir}{R};
$cols -= $step{$dir}{C};

for my $idx (0..$#words)