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   Formal Definition: The value type is defined by the following
   notation:
...
     dur-minute = 1*DIGIT "M" [dur-second]
     dur-second = 1*DIGIT "S"
     dur-day    = 1*DIGIT "D"

    my @temp = $str =~ m{
            ([\+\-])?   (?# Sign)
...
                (?:(\d+)S)? (?# Seconds)
            )?
              }x;