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use Benchmark qw(:all);

...
        'recurse' => sub { recurse( 160) },
        'iterate' => sub { iterate( 160) },
    });

Benchmark: timing 10000 iterations of iterate, recurse...
   iterate:  2 wallclock secs ( 1.53 usr +  0.00 sys =  1.53 CPU) @ 65
+35.95/s (n=10000)
...
          Rate recurse iterate
recurse  438/s      --    -93%
iterate 6536/s   1392%      --