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perl -lne 'print if s/^(.{188})[1-9]\d{7}(.{16})$/${1}20020101$2/' ori
+ginal.txt > new.txt

while(<>) {
 next unless /^(.{188})(\d{8})(.{16})$/;
 print $1,"20020101$3\n" unless $2 eq '00000000';
}