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use Data::Dumper;
# print "2718281828459045235360287471352662497757247093699\n";
...
}

e(5);

Before: $VAR1 = [
          1,
...
          1,
          1
        ];

Add 1.000/4(0.250) to $e[3] (now 1.250);    Set $e[4] = 10 (10*(1%4))
Add 1.250/3(0.417) to $e[2] (now 1.417);    Set $e[3] = 10 (10*(1%3))
...
          10
        ];
Printing: 2

Before: $VAR1 = [
          0,
...
          20
        ];
Printing: 7

Before: $VAR1 = [
          0,
...
          0
        ];
Printing: 3(.333)

Where b = big, m = medium, s= small

...
From 2 we can say 

10s = 0.41666