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package Dog;

...
        intelligence => shift,
    }, $pkg;
}

sub is_stupid {
    my $self = shift;
    return $self->{inteligence} < 3;
}

my $lassie = Dog->new(10);
print "Lassie is " $lassie->is_stupid ? "dumb" : "smart";

package Dog;
use fields qw/intelligence/;
...
    $self->{intelligence} = shift;
    $self;
}

my Dog $lassie; # perl knows, at compile time, that lassie isa Dog

package Dog;
use fields qw/intelligence/;
...
    $self->{inteligence}; # typo again, but this time it doesn't compi
+le
    $self;
}