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key:<date>([A-Z&;][a-z&;]+), ([0-9]{2}) ([0-9]{4})</date>
value:<month>$1</month>

$instr = '<date>Jan, 10 1997</date>';
for my $pat (keys %patt1)
...
    $instr =~ s|$pat|$patt1{$pat}|egs;#this is not working
        $instr =~ s|$pat|<month>$1</month>|gs;#this works
}