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# this gives $result as 1, not 33.  Makes sense, 
# since $val == 4 evaluates to 1.  But, I want $result to 
...
$result = ($major_length == 4800) ? 18 
        : ($major_length ==  8552) 
            ? ($val == 4) : 33;

    if ($major_length == 4800) {
        $result = 18;
...
    } else {
        # $result is Unspecified (see B below)
    }

$result = ($major_length == 4800)? 18:
          (($major_length == 8552)?
...
                        undef):        # see A above
                        undef);        # see B above