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my $str=" some stuff then foo then bar then more stuff";
print "string=\"$str\"\n";
...
if ($str =~ /(?!^.*foo)(^.*bar.*)/) {print "6 matched \"$1\"\n";}
if ($str =~ /(?!.*foo)(.*bar.*)/) {print "7 matched \"$1\"\n";}
if ($str =~ /(?!^.*foo)(.*bar.*)/) {print "8 matched \"$1\"\n";}

string=" some stuff then foo then bar then more stuff"
3 matched "oo then bar then more stuff"
...
6 matched " some stuff then bar then more stuff"
7 matched " some stuff then bar then more stuff"
8 matched " some stuff then bar then more stuff"