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sub to_string {

    die "This method must be overridden by a subclass of __PACKAGE__";

}

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package Attribute::Abstract;

...

#"Rosebud"; # for MARCEL's sake, not 1 -- dankogai
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package Animal;
use Attribute::Abstract;
...
sub get_color : Abstract;

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```
package Animal::Dog;

...
}

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```
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```
package Animal::Duck;

...
}

1;
```

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use strict;
use warnings;
...

print $dog->get_name(),  ' says ', $dog->get_sound(),  "\n";
print $duck->get_name(), ' says ...', "\n";

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Atila says "bark bark!"
Donald says ...
Abstract method 'get_sound' of Animal was not overrided by Animal::Duc
+k
Abstract method 'get_color' of Animal was not overrided by Animal::Dog