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use strict;
use warnings;
...
   map { sprintf qq{%15s : %5s\n}, @$_ }
   map { [ $_, m{(\d{1,5})(?=0*\z)} ] }
   @nos;

       12304500 : 23045
            123 :   123
  1234567000000 : 34567
   987045027000 : 45027