Select Code to Download

my $query = $db->prepare("select code, username, userid from transacti
+ons");
  $query->execute();

  my %code = map { $_ => [] } 0 .. 13;

  while (my $r = $qeury->fetchrow_hashref()) {

    my $c = $$r{code};
    push @{$code{$c}}, $r;
...
  # contains the relevant records (as hashrefs).  The
  # number of elements in the array equals the number
  # of occurances.  Now, for the second part...

  my %topfive;
  for my $c (keys %code) {
...
        [$_, $user{$_}{name}, $user{$_}{count}]
      } keys %user)[0 .. 4]];     
  }