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my @array = qw(red blue green yellow black white purple brown orange g
+ray);
foreach (@array) {
    do_something_with($_);
}

#  Inputs:  $1 ... color name
#           $2 ... The color index (a new arg)
...
    # For now, just print the color prefixed with its index...
    printf " %2d.  '$color'\n", $idx;
}

for (my $i = 0; $i < @array; $i++) {
    my $item  = $array[$i];
    do_something_with($item, $i);
}

my $i;
foreach (@array) {
    do_something_with($item, $i++);
}

use feature ":5.10";
my @array = qw(red blue green yellow black white purple brown orange g
+ray);
...
#  7.  'brown'
#  8.  'orange'
#  9.  'gray'

for (@array) {
    do_something_with($_, ++ state $i);
...
#  8.  'brown'
#  9.  'orange'
# 10.  'gray'

map { do_something_with($_, state $i++) } @array;