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precision, or maximum width
You can specify a precision (for numeric conversions) or a
maximum width (for string conversions) by specifying a "."
...
For 'g' and 'G', this specifies the maximum number of
digits to show, including prior to the decimal point as
well as after it...

For floating point conversions ("e f g E F G"), numbers are
usually assumed to be the default floating point size on
your platform (double or long double), but you can force
'long double' with "q", "L", or "ll" if your platform
supports them