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if ($? == -1) {
                print "failed to execute: $!\n";
...
        printf "child exited with value %d\n", $? >> 8;
     }

Bit# 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08  07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00
      |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
...
      +-- exit code (8bit)     |  +-- signal code (7bit)  
                               |
                               +-- core-dumped flag

my $exit_status = int( $? / 256 ); # quick and dirty exit-state
                                   # decimal arithmetic so to speak
                                   # (works for positive numbers)