Keeping it simple. If you really only need the output you gave

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict; use warnings;
use 5.010;
use Data::Dumper;

use constant IWANT => 5;
my @names = qw/c d e f k l m n o p q r s t  u/; 
my @vals  = qw/4 6 5 2 9 7 8 3 3 5 8 8 2 4 12/; 

my @data;
my $pos = 1;
for my $val (@vals) { # Build a table
    my $name = shift @names;
    my $rec  = sprintf "%2d corresponds to %s at pos %2d", $val, $name
+, $pos++;
    push @data, $rec;
}

say "\nSmall to Big";
@data = sort @data;
for (0..IWANT-1) {
    say $data[$_];
}

say "\nBig to Small";
for (1..IWANT) {
    say $data[-$_];
}
[download]

Cheers,
R.