use strict; use warnings; catches one error - a missing paren.

I'd build $negative_regex in one pass:

   my $negative_regex = join '|',
                        map { s/^-//, $_ }
                        @$negative_criteria;
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And test both regexes in one pass:

   foreach(@$data) {
      push @$results, $_    if /$match_regex/ && !/$negative_regex/;
   }
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