Really, really please jump on the Moose/Mouse/Moo bandwagon. Your Car class could be written as:

{
    package Car;
    
    use Moo;
    use Types::Standard qw( Enum Int );
    
    has drive_type => (
        is  => 'rw',
        isa => Enum['fwd', 'rwd', '4wd'],
    );
    
    has body_type => (
        is  => 'rw',
        isa => Enum['sedan', 'wagon', 'coupe', 'hatch'],
    );
    
    has engine_cap => (
        is  => 'rw',
        isa => Int,
    );
    
    sub dump {
        require Data::Dumper;
        Data::Dumper->Dump(\@_);
    }
}

my $car = Car->new(
    drive_type => 'fwd',
    body_type  => 'hatch',
    engine_cap => 1798,
);

print $car->dump;
[download]

Isn't that pretty?

And subclassing becomes so easy that it's nothing to fear:

{
    package Corolla;
    use Moo;
    extends 'Car';
    has '+drive_type' => (default => 'fwd');
    has '+body_type'  => (default => 'hatch');
    has '+engine_cap' => (default => 1798);
}

my $corolla = Corolla->new;

print $corolla->dump;
[download]