Looking at the source of the driver module:

81    my $width = $self->width;
82    my $height = $self->height;
83
84    if(uc($self->format) eq 'PNG') {
85    $surface = Cairo::ImageSurface->create(
86        'argb32', $width, $height
87    );
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So it seems that both $width and $height are not defined. I note that the example on the Graphics::Primitive page has:

my $c = Graphics::Primitive::Component->new(
    width => 500, height => 350,
);
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Whereas the example on the Graphics::Primitive::Driver::Cairo page has:

my $c = Graphics::Primitive::Container->new(
    width => 500, height => 350,
);
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I suggest you try adding the width and height parameters when creating the new Component object (or try just using Component instead of Container) and see if that makes a difference.