I also get a core dump on 5.10.1 (CentOS) with that code but not on 5.16.2 (OSX) FWIW.

$ perl baz
Complex regular subexpression recursion limit (32766) exceeded at baz 
+line 18.
timed out after 2 sec :1401464941 at baz line 25.
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This is perl 5, version 16, subversion 2 (v5.16.2) built for darwin-th
+read-multi-2level
(with 3 registered patches, see perl -V for more detail)
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