Okay my stab at using captured groups as well is to use eval in the replacement evaluation, i.e.,

foreach (@SUB_REC) {
  $yourText =~ s/$_->[0]/eval qq{"$_->[1]")/eg;
}
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The above allows me to pass replacement strings and capture groups, e.g.,

my @SUB_REC = map {[qr{$_->[0]}, $_->[1]]} (
  ['robert|bobby', 'bob'],
  ['(abc)(1234)(def)', '$1$3'] 
);
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Using a doubled  /e regex modifier is also possible and, IMHO, better because it is simpler. (The  /e modifier can be repeated any number of times for additional 'levels' of expression evaluation.)

c:\@Work\Perl>perl -wMstrict -le
"my @SUB_REC =
   map [ qr{$_->[0]}, $_->[1] ],
   ( [ '\b(robert|bobby)\b', 'bob (not $1)' ], )
   ;
 ;;
 my $yourText = 'robert dobbs and roberto jones and bobby hope';
 print qq{'$yourText'};
 ;;
 $yourText =~ s{ $_->[0] }{ qq{qq{$_->[1]}} }xmsgee for @SUB_REC;
 print qq{'$yourText'};
"
'robert dobbs and roberto jones and bobby hope'
'bob (not robert) dobbs and roberto jones and bob (not bobby) hope'
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