The particular expression  (40||47||76) evaluates only to one value: 40. That's because of the nature of the logical-or operator; see perlop. Maybe try something like:

c:\@Work\Perl\monks>perl -wMstrict -le
"my %hit = map { $_ => 1 } 40, 47, 76;
 ;;
 for (my $n = 0;  $n < 268;  $n++) {
   if ($hit{$n}) {
     print $n;
     }
   }
"
40
47
76
[download]

Update: Or even with a more Perlish for-loop:

c:\@Work\Perl\monks>perl -wMstrict -le
"my %hit = map { $_ => 1 } 40, 47, 76;
 ;;
 for my $n (0 .. 267) {
   if ($hit{$n}) {
     printf qq{$n  };
     }
   }
"
40  47  76
[download]