Self-contained example (not reading from files). You could store your table in a hash-of-hashes structure to make access simpler.

use warnings;
use strict;

my %param;
while (<DATA>) {
    chomp;
    my @cols = split /,/;
    next if $cols[0] =~ /\D/;
    for my $i (0 .. 5) {
        $param{$cols[0]}{s}{$i+10} = $cols[$i+1];
        $param{$cols[0]}{t}{$i+10} = $cols[$i+7];
    }
}

my @stats = split /\n/, <<EOF;
Station,Code
1,10
2,11
3,12
4,13
5,14
EOF

for (@stats) {
    chomp;
    my ($stat, $code) = split /,/;
    next if $stat =~ /\D/;
    print "$stat $param{$stat}{s}{$code} $param{$stat}{t}{$code}\n";  
+ 
}

__DATA__
Station,S_10,S_11,S_12,S_13,S_14,S_15,T_10,T_11,T_12,T_13,T_14,T_15
1,31,29,29,31,29,29,15,14,23,15,14,23
2,33,28,23,33,28,23,17,15,23,17,15,23
3,23,27,33,23,27,33,18,16,23,18,16,23
4,25,26,28,25,26,28,23,14,15,23,14,15
5,26,26,27,26,26,27,23,18,17,23,18,17
6,27,33,31,27,33,31,14,17,18,14,17,18
7,33,29,29,33,29,29,12,18,23,12,18,23
[download]

Outputs:

1 31 15
2 28 15
3 33 23
4 25 23
5 26 18
[download]