Here is a slightly shorter version:

use strict;
use warnings;
use Data::Dumper;
my @array1 = qw(234 453 111 239);
my @array2 = qw(v204_txt v234_txt v450_txt v453_txt);
my @array3 = grep {my $val=$_; grep {$val=~/$_/} @array1} @array2; 
print Dumper(\@array3);
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