Now i am counting the values in the third column i.e how many up words how many down words and how many NA. For that i wrote the following program:

@values = values(%hash);

for $element (@values){
 if ($element =~ /up/){
    $sumA++; 
}if(($element =~ /down/)){
    $sumB++
}if(($element =~ /NA/)){
    $sumC++
}
}
print "Number of up is: $sumA\n";
print "Number of down is: $sumB\n";
print "Number of NA is: $sumC\n";
[download]

Presuming you mean that you're adding a row which duplicates the key and value from another row you're not going to change your hash. If you've seen a key "foo" with a value "up", setting $hash{ "foo" } = "up" again doesn't really change anything in %hash. Hashes are unordered and maintain a single value for each key slot. If you need the count of rows with a particular value then count them as you read things.

my %counts_per_value;

  [... inside your while loop ...]
  $hash{ $first } = $third;
  $counts_per_value{ $third }++;
  [...]

for my $value ( sort keys %counts_per_value ) {
  say qq{$value => $counts_per_value{ $value };
}
[download]

The cake is a lie.
The cake is a lie.
The cake is a lie.

Because the hash contains each key just once.
map{substr$_->[0],$_->[1]||0,1}[\*||{},3],[[]],[ref qr-1,-,-1],[{}],[sub{}^*ARGV,3]

You seem to misunderstand or lack understanding of the behavior of hashes, or associative arrays to use their formal name. Please see the discussions of keys, values and each in the Perl documentation.

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Give a man a fish:  <%-{-{-{-<