Ubuntu 20.04.1, perl 5.30.0, can't reproduce the problem:

marto@Marto-Desktop:~/code$ perl print.pl 
wpeofkwpoefmarto@Marto-Desktop:~/code$ chmod +x print.pl 
marto@Marto-Desktop:~/code$ ln -s print.pl test
marto@Marto-Desktop:~/code$ ./test 
wpeofkwpoefmarto@Marto-Desktop:~/code$ cd /usr/local/bin/
marto@Marto-Desktop:/usr/local/bin$ sudo ln -s $HOME/code/print.pl der
+p
marto@Marto-Desktop:/usr/local/bin$ derp
wpeofkwpoefmarto@Marto-Desktop:/usr/local/bin$ ./derp 
wpeofkwpoefmarto@Marto-Desktop:/usr/local/bin$
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Perhaps your terminal session was somehow messed up, or maybe you have some weird shell customisation that's clobbering this? If you do some test does it display anything?

#!/usr/bin/perl

print "wpeofkwpoef" or die "Can't print to stdout: $!";
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If it still doesn't print anything try redirecting:

derp &>derplog
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