Can't locate object method "edit" via package "IO::File" at 
searchandreplace.pl line 65 (#1)

(F) You called a method correctly, and it correctly indicated a packag
+e
functioning as a class, but that package doesn't define that particula
+r
method, nor does any of its base classes.  See perlobj.
[download]

sub search_and_replace {
  open my $target_file, "<", $_;
  my $filename = path($_);
  my $pos = 0;
  my $more = 1;
  while( $more )
  {
    $filename->edit( sub 
    {
      pos($_) = $pos;
      if( /$match/g )
        {
          my ( $was, $where, $pre, $post ) = ( $1, $-[1], $`, $');
          print "\n", $pre =~ s/^.*\n(?=.*\n)//sr, "$old$was$reset",
            $post =~ s/\n.*?\n\K.*//sr, "\n";
          my $replace = ask( $was );
          $was eq $replace or substr $_, $where, length $was, $replace
+;
          $pos = $where + length $replace;
        }
        else { $more = 0 }
      } );
      # print "\e[33m", $target_file->slurp, "\e[0m"; # FIXME here for
+ testing
    }
    close $target_file;
}
[download]

EDIT: do not use, overwrites a csv file

That ->edit is in Path::Tiny. Your use of $target_file is wrong, also the open() and close() are not needed. Here's a version of mine combined with yours to do what I think you want to do.

#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict; # https://perlmonks.org/?node_id=11145971
use warnings;
use List::AllUtils qw( nsort_by uniq );
use Path::Tiny;
use Text::CSV qw( csv );

my $dir = path( '/tmp/dir.1114597' );
mkdir $dir;

my $csv = path( $ARGV[0] // "$dir/11145971,csv" );
path( $csv )->spew( <<END );
whitelist entries,Noun,access list entries
IP whitelist,Noun,IP access list
IP whitelist entries,Noun,IP access list entries
whitelist,Adjective,allow
whitelist,Noun,access list
whitelist,Noun,access-list
whitelist,Verb,allow
your whitelist,Noun,your access list
your whitelist,Noun,my permission list
your whitelist,Noun,thy permission list
your whitelist,Noun,his permission list
your whitelist,Noun,her permission list
your whitelist,Noun,its permission list
your whitelist,Noun,our permission list
your whitelist,Noun,your permission list
your whitelist,Noun,their permission list
END

my $testfile = path( "$dir/something.txt");
$testfile->spew( <<END );
a. this is some whitelist test
b. for IP whitelist testing and your whitelist
c. line with no replacement
d. with whitelist and IP whitelist entries and IP whitelist entries ag
+ain.
e. this is another whitelist test
END

my ($old, $new, $reset) = map "\e[${_}m", 91, 92, 0;
my %table;
push @{ $table{ lc $_->[0] } }, $_->[2] for @{ csv( in => "$csv" ) };
my $match = qr/(@{[
  join '|', map quotemeta($_), nsort_by { -length } keys %table ]})/i;
use Data::Dump 'dd'; dd \%table, $match;

path( $ARGV[1] // $dir )->visit( sub  # NOTE replaces Find::File
  {
  /\.(?:txt|rst|yaml)$/ and search_and_replace($_);
  },
  { recurse => 1 } );

print "\n", $testfile->slurp; # FIXME for debugging

sub search_and_replace
  {
  my ($target_file) = @_;
  my $pos = 0;         # NOTE replaces whole file for each change
  my $more = 1;
  while( $more )
    {
    $target_file->edit( sub
      {
      pos($_) = $pos;
      if( /$match/g )
        {
        my ( $was, $where, $pre, $post ) = ( $1, $-[1], $`, $');
        print "\n", $pre =~ s/^.*\n(?=.*\n)//sr, "$old$was$reset",
          $post =~ s/\n.*?\n\K.*//sr, "\n";
        my $replace = ask( $was );
        $was eq $replace or substr $_, $where, length $was, $replace;
        $pos = $where + length $replace;
        }
      else { $more = 0 }
      } );
    }
  }

sub ask
  {
  my ($was) = @_;
  my @choices = uniq @{ $table{ lc $was } };
  local $| = 1;
  if( @choices > 1 )
    {
    my $n = 1;
    printf "%8d. $new%s$reset\n", $n++, $_ for @choices;
    print "     replace '$old$was$reset' with ${new}above pick$reset (
+or 0 to not change) : ";
    my $pick = <STDIN> =~ tr/0-9//cdr || 0;
    0 <= $pick && $pick <= @choices or $pick = 0;
    return ($was, @choices)[$pick];
    }
  else
    {
    print "     replace '$old$was$reset' with '$new@choices$reset' ? y
+es/no : ";
    return <STDIN> =~ /y/i ? $choices[0] : $was;
    }
  }
[download]

Protects csv file, and a couple of other minor tweaks.

#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict; # https://perlmonks.org/?node_id=11145971
use warnings;
use List::AllUtils qw( nsort_by uniq );
use Path::Tiny;
use Text::CSV qw( csv );

my $dir = path( '/tmp/dir.1114597' );
mkdir $dir;

my $csv = "$dir/11145971,csv";
path( $csv )->spew( <<END );
whitelist entries,Noun,access list entries
IP whitelist,Noun,IP access list
IP whitelist entries,Noun,IP access list entries
whitelist,Adjective,allow
whitelist,Noun,access list
whitelist,Noun,access-list
whitelist,Verb,allow
your whitelist,Noun,your access list
your whitelist,Noun,my permission list
your whitelist,Noun,thy permission list
your whitelist,Noun,his permission list
your whitelist,Noun,her permission list
your whitelist,Noun,its permission list
your whitelist,Noun,our permission list
your whitelist,Noun,your permission list
your whitelist,Noun,their permission list
END
$csv = $ARGV[0] // $csv; # use ARG if present

my $testfile = path( "$dir/something.txt");
$testfile->spew( <<END );
a. this is some whitelist test
b. for IP whitelist testing and your whitelist
c. line with no replacement
d. with whitelist and IP whitelist entries and IP whitelist entries ag
+ain.
e. this is another whitelist test
END

my ($old, $new, $reset) = map "\e[${_}m", 91, 92, 0;
my %table;
push @{ $table{ lc $_->[0] } }, $_->[2] for @{ csv( in => "$csv" ) };
my $match = qr/(@{[
  join '|', map quotemeta($_), nsort_by { -length } keys %table ]})/i;
#use Data::Dump 'dd'; dd \%table, $match;

path( $ARGV[1] // $dir )->visit( sub  # NOTE replaces File::Find
  {
  -f $_ && /\.(?:txt|rst|yaml)$/ and search_and_replace($_);
  },
  { recurse => 1 } );

print "\n", $testfile->slurp; # FIXME for debugging

sub search_and_replace
  {
  my ($target_file) = @_;
  my $pos = 0;         # NOTE replaces whole file for each change
  my $more = 1;
  while( $more )
    {
    $target_file->edit( sub
      {
      pos($_) = $pos;
      if( /$match/g )
        {
        my ( $was, $where, $pre, $post ) = ( $1, $-[1], $`, $');
        print "\n", $pre =~ s/^.*\n(?=.*\n)//sr, "$old$was$reset",
          $post =~ s/\n.*?\n\K.*//sr, "\n";
        my $replace = ask( $was );
        $was eq $replace or substr $_, $where, length $was, $replace;
        $pos = $where + length $replace;
        }
      else { $more = 0 }
      } );
    }
  }

sub ask
  {
  my ($was) = @_;
  my @choices = uniq @{ $table{ lc $was } };
  local $| = 1;
  if( @choices > 1 )
    {
    my $n = 1;
    printf "%8d. $new%s$reset\n", $n++, $_ for @choices;
    print "     replace '$old$was$reset' with ${new}above pick$reset (
+or 0 to not change) : ";
    my $pick = <STDIN> =~ tr/0-9//cdr || 0;
    0 <= $pick && $pick <= @choices or $pick = 0;
    return ($was, @choices)[$pick];
    }
  else
    {
    print "     replace '$old$was$reset' with '$new@choices$reset' ? y
+es/no : ";
    return <STDIN> =~ /y/i ? $choices[0] : $was;
    }
  }
[download]