There were lots of warnings that threw me off, but I suspect they can all be ignored. I think this here is the key error:

#   Failed test 'use DBD::mysql;'
#   at t/00base.t line 15.
#     Tried to use 'DBD::mysql'.
#     Error:  Can't load '/private/var/root/.cpan/build/DBD-mysql-4.05
+0-8/blib/arch/auto/DBD/mysql/mysql.bundle' for module DBD::mysql: dlo
+pen(/private/var/root/.cpan/build/DBD-mysql-4.050-8/blib/arch/auto/DB
+D/mysql/mysql.bundle, 0x0002): Library not loaded: @rpath/libmysqlcli
+ent.21.dylib
#   Referenced from: <7D546A82-F230-3186-ADBB-6393EF2F59D5> /private/v
+ar/root/.cpan/build/DBD-mysql-4.050-8/blib/arch/auto/DBD/mysql/mysql.
+bundle
#   Reason: tried: '/System/Volumes/Preboot/Cryptexes/OS@rpath/libmysq
+lclient.21.dylib' (no such file), '/usr/lib/libmysqlclient.21.dylib' 
+(no such file, not in dyld cache), (security policy does not allow @ 
+path expansion) at /System/Library/Perl/5.30/darwin-thread-multi-2lev
+el/DynaLoader.pm line 197.
#  at t/00base.t line 15.
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So it does appear to be library related. On Ventura, /usr/lib is read-only. It's not looking for the dylib at /usr/local/mysql/lib, even though that is the path in mysql_config.

I will use the following settings for compiling and testing:

  cflags        (mysql_config) = -I/usr/local/mysql/include
  embedded      (guessed     ) = 
  ldflags       (guessed     ) = 
  libs          (mysql_config) = -L/usr/local/mysql/lib -lmysqlclient 
+-lssl -lcrypto -lresolv
  mysql_config  (guessed     ) = mysql_config
  nocatchstderr (default     ) = 0
  nofoundrows   (default     ) = 0
  nossl         (default     ) = 0
  testdb        (default     ) = test
  testhost      (default     ) = 
  testpassword  (default     ) = 
  testport      (default     ) = 
  testsocket    (default     ) = 
  testuser      (guessed     ) = len
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