Yes, there are many, MANY different terminals and terminal emulators out there. Don't forget, the modern'ish terminal you see on your modern flat panel screen is basically an emulator of an old school serial (or parallel or network or $other) terminal.

Some of these has local computing options, many were of the type "connect to the mainframe in the basement", basically glorified teletype machines that used a screen instead of paper. These all started as proprietary developments of the different mainframe manufacturers (IBM, HP, Cray, ...), with cross-compatibility coming later as an afterthought.

But even compatible systems often had their hardware (later software) quirks. And it's these quirks that are still in existance on modern terminal emulators. Because they need to be compatible of the old software.

Often, your best bet is to use a terminal library like ncurses or curses to help you position text on screen. These libraries know a lot of the tricks of the trade and can handle all the required workarounds for you.