I suggest to collect station data lines into a hash (%station_data) and then use collected data right after the 'PDE' line has been read.

use strict;
use warnings;
use diagnostics;
use Data::Dumper;

my $num_obs;
my %station_data;
while (<DATA>) {
  chomp;
  my @line = split;
  if (@line == 9) {
    $num_obs++;
    $station_data{$line[0]} = \@line;
  } elsif (/^PDE/) {
    my (undef, $year, $month, $day, $hour, $minute, $second, $eqlat, $
+eqlong, $eqdepth, $mag) = @line;
    #          y   m   d    h   m   s la lo de no mag
    printf "%02d%02d%02d %02d%02d%.2f %f %f %f %d %f\n",
        $year%100, $month, $day, $hour, $minute, $second, $eqlat, $eql
+ong, $eqdepth, $num_obs, $mag;

    # process station data in according to your needs
    print Dumper(\%station_data) . "\n";
  }
}

__DATA__
MCCC processed: unknown event at: Tue, 21 Oct 2014 13:39:56 CST 
station, mccc delay,    std,    cc coeff,  cc std,   pol   , t0_times 
+ , delay_times
ZJ.APRL      0.5735    0.0270    0.8548    0.1060    0  APRL.BHZ   301
+.0824    -1.0954
ZJ.BEBP      0.0431    0.0173    0.8982    0.0495    0  BEBP.BHZ   300
+.6827    -1.2262
ZJ.DUBY     -0.3951    0.0242    0.8635    0.0550    0  DUBY.BHZ   300
+.9965    -1.9781
ZJ.FOOT      0.4722    0.0570    0.7965    0.0987    0  FOOT.BHZ   301
+.2407    -1.3550
ZJ.GRAW     -0.2962    0.0203    0.8875    0.0789    0  GRAW.BHZ   300
+.5646    -1.4473
ZJ.KNYN      0.2933    0.0428    0.7879    0.1305    0  KNYN.BHZ   301
+.3060    -1.5992
ZJ.LEON      0.5243    0.0235    0.8996    0.0634    0  LEON.BHZ   300
+.4850    -0.5473
ZJ.MICH     -0.1824    0.0165    0.8599    0.0713    0  MICH.BHZ   300
+.1649    -0.9339
ZJ.RAPH      0.3076    0.0422    0.8096    0.0954    0  RAPH.BHZ   300
+.4645    -0.7435
ZJ.RKST     -0.7187    0.0401    0.8060    0.0827    0  RKST.BHZ   300
+.3940    -1.6992
ZJ.SAMH     -0.0702    0.0260    0.8930    0.0465    0  SAMH.BHZ   301
+.0272    -1.6839
ZJ.SHRD     -0.3952    0.0319    0.8343    0.0938    0  SHRD.BHZ   300
+.8002    -1.7819
ZJ.SPLN     -0.1563    0.0306    0.8653    0.0878    0  SPLN.BHZ   300
+.5314    -1.2742
Mean_arrival_time:   299.4135 
No weighting of equations. 
Window:   3.19   Inset:   1.28  Shift:   0.25 
Variance: 0.03135   Coefficient: 0.85047  Sample rate:   40.000 
Taper:   0.40 
Phase: P        
PDE    2013  4 20  3 47 55.02    -5.002   152.111   65.3  0.0  5.6
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