Perl is a language, not a framework. The main web frameworks in Perl today are Catalyst, Mojolicious, Dancer, with quite a few good fringe options like Amon2, and at least one decent historical (in my view) option, CGI::Application.

With one of those, adding a hook at the top of the dispatcher to collect internal, non-JS, navigation info is trivial. To track JS you must use JS or have the JS call Perl tracking functionality. There is nothing wrong with using JavaScript.

I advise use of Google Analytics because it’s easy and it works extremely well. You can roll your own, of course, but if you haven’t settled on a web framework and don’t know the differences between dynamic content, Ajax, and how it related to Perl then I think rolling your own will be a long and frustrating battle. I would only recommend it for fun and edification or an internal or private application.