I'm not sure I completely understand your question, but do you just want an attribute that contains your data structure? If so, you can do something like this...

In DataDecoder.pm,

package DataDecoder;
use Moose;

has 'parserArray_type_01_ref' => (
    is => 'ro',
    isa => 'ArrayRef',
    builder => 'get_type_01_ref', 
    lazy => 1
);

sub get_type_01_ref {
    my $array_ref = [ 
        {
            name => 'YEAR',
            type => 'CHAR',
            len => 2,
            description => sub{0}
        },
        {
            name => 'MONTH',
            type => 'CHAR',
            len => 2,
            description => sub{0}
        },
        {
            name => 'DAY',
            type => 'CHAR',
            len => 2,
            description => sub{0}
        },
        {
            name => 'HOUR',
            type => 'CHAR',
            len => 2,
            description => sub{0}
        },
        {
            name => sub{
                my $data = uc shift;
                my %SUD_DATA = ('98' => 'TYPE1', '64' => 'TYPE2');
                (defined $SUD_DATA{$data})? $SUD_DATA{$data} : $data
                # $data
            },
            type => 'HEX',
            len => 1,
            description => sub{
                my $data = uc shift;
                my %SUD_DATA = ('98' => 'TYPE1', '64' => 'TYPE2');
                (defined $SUD_DATA{$data})? $SUD_DATA{$data} : $data
                # $data
            },
        }
       
    ];

    return $array_ref;
}

1;
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In test.pl,

#!/usr/bin/env perl

use DataDecoder;

my $dd = DataDecoder->new();

my @array = @{$dd->parserArray_type_01_ref};

use Data::Dumper;
print Dumper @array;
exit;
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If you run test.pl you should see a dump of your data structure.

Take a look at Moose::Manual::Attributes and Moose::Manual::BestPracties for more information.