I'm late to this party, as usual, but since the OP mentioned "Objects" - here is a working OO version:

use strict; 
use warnings;

BEGIN{
  package Company;
  my (%by_id, %by_type);
  sub new{
     my ($class,$coid,$type,$state,$id) = @_;
     my $self = bless {COID=>$coid,TYPE=>$type,STATE=>$state,ID=>$id},
+ $class;
     $by_id{$id} = $self;
     push @{$by_type{$type}}, $self;
     return $self;
  }

  sub All_ID_callback{ # Class method
    my ($callback) = @_;
    for (sort keys %by_id){
       $callback->($by_id{$_}, $_);
    }
  }
  sub get_id{ # CLASS method
    my ($id) = @_;
    return $by_id{$id};
  }

  sub for_each_bytype_callback{ # CLASS method
    my ($type, $callback) = @_;
    for my $o (@{$by_type{$type}}){
        $callback->($o);
    }
  }

  sub PRINT{
    my ($self, $header) = @_;
    $header and print "$header\n";
    print ' ID = ',     $self->{ID}."\n"; 
    print '  CoID  = ', $self->{COID}."\n"; 
    print '  State = ', $self->{STATE}."\n";     
  }
}

#--- Main ----
#my $testout=`$test list`; 
my $testout='        CoID:       Type:  State:    ID:
        ExampleCo   A      former    97546
        ExampleCo   B      pending   48541
        ExampleCo   A      ready     75521
        ExampleCo   B      former    50123
        ExampleCo   A      contact   60047
        ExampleCo   B      contact   19425
';

for my $l (split("\n",$testout)) { 
  chomp $l; 
  my $company = Company::->new(split(' ',$l,4)); 
} 
print "---In ID sequence---\n";
Company::All_ID_callback( ## In ID sequence
   sub{ my $o=shift;
     return unless $o->{TYPE} eq "A";
     $o->PRINT();
  });
print "---Selecting by type---\n"; 
Company::for_each_bytype_callback("A",
    sub{my $o=shift;
        $o->PRINT();
    }
  );
[download]