If you consistently refuse to provide an SSCCE you will not be helping yourself.

Hello harishnv,

You are saying: I wrote a code like this, creating a directory and open the directory and looping inside for the files to get attached and closing the directory. But it's not working, it's creating the files outside the directory, why?.

Can you post your code, so we can try to help?

Looking forward for your update, BR.

You must include the path in the file name:

my $outputfile = "${str}output_$key";
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BTW, if you want to keep the name of the directory in a variable, don't call it $str, call it $dir. And use it everywhere. So, you can replace

mkdir("dict");
my $str="dict/";
opendir(DIR,$str);
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with

mkdir my $directory_name = 'dict' or die $!;
opendir my $dir_handle, $directory_name or die $!;

...

my $outputfile = "$directory_name/output_$key";
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($q=q:Sq=~/;[c](.)(.)/;chr(-||-|5+lengthSq)`"S|oS2"`map{chr |+ord
}map{substrSq`S_+|`|}3E|-|`7**2-3:)=~y+S|`+$1,++print+eval$q,q,a,
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opendir(DIR,$str);
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See opendir. That's for reading a directory.

If you want to write files into a directory, name it. open doesn't guess, and doesn't magically prepend a path component to the file name; opendir doesn't set a directory context for open.

for my $key (keys %hash){
  my $outputfile = "output_$key";
  $outputfile =~ s{/}{-}g;
  $outputfile = join '/', $str,$outputfile; # <---- this is missing
  print "Writing to $outputfile\n";
  open OUT,'>',$outputfile 
       or die "Could not open $outputfile : $!";
  print OUT $hash{$key};
  close OUT;
}
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Better alternative to join, because it is portable (Windows etc):

use File::Spec;
...
for my $key (keys %hash){
  ...
  $outputfile = File::Spec->catfile($str,$outputfile);
  ...
}
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update:

Re-reading the question and code, it looks like you mistook opendir for chdir which sets the current working directory. Cwd comes in handy:

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use Cwd;

my %hash=();

# input
# my $inputfile = 'nv.txt';
# open IN, '<',$inputfile 
#     or die "Could not open $inputfile : $!"; 

# we use the text after __DATA__ for input
while (<DATA>) {
  my ($key, $val) = split (/:/,$_,2);
  $hash{$key} .= $val;
}

# output
my $dir = "dict";
-d $dir or mkdir $dir;
my $cwd = getcwd(); # from Cwd imported above
chdir $dir; # go into directory 'dict'
for my $key (keys %hash){
  my $outputfile = "output_$key";
  $outputfile =~ s{/}{-}g;
  print "Writing to $outputfile\n";
  open OUT,'>',$outputfile 
       or die "Could not open $outputfile : $!";
  print OUT $hash{$key};
  close OUT;
}
chdir $cwd; # change directory back




__DATA__
test/right/case1:12: //comment
test/right/case1:344: //comment
test/wrong/case3:123:  //comment
Output expected:
test/right/case1: 12: //comment
                :344: // comment
test/wrong/case3:123: //comment
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perl -le'print map{pack c,($-++?1:13)+ord}split//,ESEL'

 
path("a/b/c/q.txt")->touchpath->spew_utf8( $hash{$key} );
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