I have to admit that I misunderstood the way Carp works, but I really struggle with the documentation here.

The synopsis says

    # warn user (from perspective of caller)
    carp "string trimmed to 80 chars";
[download]

... while it's later corrected to ...

   report the error as being from where your module was called.

(a behavior I actually prefer!)

More importantly it says

   longmess( "message from cluck() or confess()" );

... but as you can see from the following example the first (i.e. current) line from cluck is omitted.

What am I missing?

use strict;
use warnings;

TEST::first(1);                         # 4

package TEST;
use Carp qw/carp cluck longmess shortmess/;

sub first {
    second(2);                          # 10
}

sub second {
    # local $Carp::Verbose=1;
    carp "Carp Second";
    cluck "Cluck Second";               # 16
    print shortmess("Shortmess Second");
    print longmess("Longmess Second");
}
[download]

Carp Second at d:/Users/lanx/pm/carp.pl line 4.
Cluck Second at d:/Users/lanx/pm/carp.pl line 16.
    TEST::second(2) called at d:/Users/lanx/pm/carp.pl line 10
    TEST::first(1) called at d:/Users/lanx/pm/carp.pl line 4
Shortmess Second at d:/Users/lanx/pm/carp.pl line 4.
Longmess Second at d:/Users/lanx/pm/carp.pl line 10.
    TEST::first(1) called at d:/Users/lanx/pm/carp.pl line 4
[download]

update

Ironically after activating the $Carp::Verbose flag, shortmess becomes longer than longmess .

Shortmess Second at d:/Users/lanx/pm/carp.pl line 17.
    TEST::second(2) called at d:/Users/lanx/pm/carp.pl line 10
    TEST::first(1) called at d:/Users/lanx/pm/carp.pl line 4
Longmess Second at d:/Users/lanx/pm/carp.pl line 10.
    TEST::first(1) called at d:/Users/lanx/pm/carp.pl line 4
[download]

wot???

update

translated the test to a proper module.pm in a separate file with the same result.