The special variable $? holds the status of the backtick or system operation. If you're really curious, you can do:
my $sig_number = ($? & 255);
to see which signal killed the process, if any. It's not all that useful, though, for system(), as you can get the return value anyway (as turnstep points out below).
But $? is the same thing as just reading the return
value yourself, right? At any rate, $? on my Win32
system doesn't show anything except "0", no matter
what is in the system call:
$rv = system("uname");
print "Returned a $rv and \$? is $?\n";
$rv = system("ver");
print "Returned a $rv and \$? is $?\n";