When you see

while (<>)
{
  #  Do something here
}
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in someone's code, that means a loop that is reading each line of the intput stream. (The command line equivalent, as has already been pointed out, is perl -n.) If all you want to do is echo that, then you'd add a print statement to output the current line (when used without arguments, the print statement conveniently uses $_, which holds the current element being examined .. in this case, it's the input line just read in).

while (<>)
{
  print;
}
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This is pretty useless, as it just dumps out the input. To actually make a change (like your Ohio change) add an s operation.

while (<>)
{
  s/oh/Ohio/g;
  print;
}
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Now, this may not work the way you expect it to. Alcohol, cohabitate, cohesion, microhmmeter and our fuzzy friend pooh will all match with 'oh'. But the rest (heh heh) is left as an exercise for the student.

--t. alex

"Of course, you realize that this means war." -- Bugs Bunny.